Series Episode: Contemporary Arab States and Leadership Context (الحُكْـمُ وَالْإِمَـارَةُ فِي الْعَـرَبِ)

 Contemporary Arab States and Leadership Context

 (الحُكْـمُ وَالْإِمَـارَةُ فِي الْعَـرَبِ) 

It has already been discussed about the desertion of the Qahtani and Adnanis from their respective habitats and the Arab land that was divided between these tribes has also been discussed that all the Arab states were organized by these tribes. Moreover, the nature of their leadership and leadership was such that all the tribes living around Hirah were referred to as Hirah or the State of Iraq. included and the tribes that the Badiyatus settled in Sham included the Ghassani rulers. Whatever may be said about it, it will be only words. It is not possible to accept any historical source or discussion as final about all these tribes, sub tribes, their residence, emigration and return to the country. Apart from the above tribes, some other tribes who lived in the interior of the country also need some discussion. All these tribes were independent in all respects. The party system was in operation among them. The people of the tribe themselves elected their leaders. They are their own The gotra was a small state and the patriarch was given the status of head of state. The tribe worked collectively for the existence, stability and integrity of the tribal state, sovereignty, security of the tribe's people, resistance to external enemy attacks, etc. Any clan could declare war, wage war or conclude treaties with complete independence. In any situation of war or peace, the people of the tribe had to obey the orders of the patriarch, under no circumstances were they to oppose him. Even the condition of a certain leader was such that if he were angry, thousands of swords would instantly become free. In that case there would have been no room to ask what was the reason for the Gotrapati's anger? In some cases, rivalry and conflict with the cousins ​​of the leader would also start over the question of leadership. Because of this, the leader had to follow many rules and regulations. They are respectively:  

1. A leader should show restraint and adopt a liberal attitude in talking and discussing with the people of his tribe.

2. He has to be frugal in spending public resources. He will never spend money unnecessarily.

3. He has to play a leading role in hospitality. 

4. He must work with kindness and patience in his work.

5. As a champion of tribal valor, he has to display a real example of valor.

6. He should refrain from doing any act that would cause shame. 

7. A welfare-oriented society in the eyes of common people and especially in the eyes of poets, a beautiful and advanced society should be continuously worked for life. Poets were considered the main spokesmen of the society. Thus the Gotrapati had to lead a righteous life with great devotion to follow the prescribed code of conduct to gain exaltation or higher status than his rivals.  

As the society expected many things from the leaders, on the other hand, the society also provided some facilities for the leaders. A poet describes it through his rhyme: 

لك المِرْبَاع فينـا والصَّفَايا ** وحُكْمُك والنَّشِيْطة والفُضُوْل 

"We have for you a quarter ('1/4) of the wealth of booty and what you like and what you settle and what is left over from hard-earned wealth and distribution.''

Mirba': One fourth (1/4) of the booty of Male.

Safi: The wealth which the leader reserves for himself before distribution.

Nashitah: This wealth which is taken by leaders on the way before reaching the basic level i.e. common people.

Fuzul: The wealth that remains due to the fact that it is not possible to distribute it proportionally to the number of Ghazis. After the distribution, the remaining assets such as camels and horses belong to the dalpatis.